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Abstract

Systematic map looking at what evidence exists for utilising waste products for crop protection.

Description

Using waste products for plant protection is an emerging area of interest in sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management (IPM). By repurposing bio-based waste from industries like food processing, forestry, and agriculture, sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides and fertilisers can be developed. Agricultural, food, and industrial by-products are being investigated for their potential as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional pesticides. Many of these materials contain bioactive compounds that can deter pests, boost plant defences, or improve soil health. For example, composts, plant extracts, biochar, and food processing waste have been shown to have pest-repellent, antimicrobial, and growth-promoting properties, making them valuable components in environmentally conscious IPM strategies. This systematic map aims to collate and summarise existing research on the impact of waste products on plant protection from pests. By synthesising evidence across diverse sources, this review will provide a comprehensive overview of the efficacy of interventions, highlight knowledge gaps, and identify promising waste products for sustainable pest management.